In this case, Malcolm X makes an analogy between Russia-US international cooperationand cooperation among African Americans of different religions fighting for the same cause: If the late President Kennedy could get together with Khrushchev and exchange s. Intentional repitition of the same grammatical structure, which may also include a repeated word or phrase, in the same structural position at least three times in nearby sentences or segments of a sentence. "No, no, we are not satisfied and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down, In some ways, he was this town at its best-- strong, hard-. We have to see each other with new eyes. He wanted them to vote for who they felt was the right choice to benefit blacks. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. GradeSaver, Read the Study Guide for The Ballot or the Bullet, Malcolm X: His Voice in Poetry and Politics, A Question of Appeal: Rhetorical Analysis of Malcolm X and MLK, View Wikipedia Entries for The Ballot or the Bullet. Also, his teachings were able to connect to a wide audience and allow them to even set aside their differences to focus on the information Malcolm talks about. Why does Malcolm X say he and other African Americans are not really Americans? repetition of the first word of a clause at the end of the same clause, intentional repitition of 3 or more consanant sounds among nearby words, "If we don't do something real soon, I think you'll have to agree that we're going to be forced either to use the ballot or the bullet. Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. If the black community throws their support behind a single candidate, as they did behind Kennedy, that candidate will win. His views in this speech reflect the beliefs he held before completing his Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. I'm not here to try and change your religion. His black protectionist outlook called separation instead of unity and equality. "my community with their false promises, building up our hopes for a letdown, with their, "As they nourish these dissatisfactions, it can only lead to one thing, an, It has talked and talked and talked the words of freedom, but it. Malcolm X began his speech by analyzing his audience and declaring that it is time to decide whether to vote, With this discussion, he uses the appeal to pathos. Malcolm X's "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech was a powerful call to action for African Americans to take a more militant approach to the civil rights movement. X was a black civil rights activist who played a huge role in the black community during the mid 20th century. "The Ballot or the Bullet" is a speech made by Malcolm X in Cleveland, Ohio, on April 3, 1964. We've got to change our own minds about each other. Through his triumph and survival of the murder of his father in 1931 when he was six years old, but also educating himself in prison which he was in for seven years from the ages 21-28 (Draper 7).With this story, it inspired people in the various ethnic communities, and neighborhoods. Black Nationalism: an ideology that African Americans should separate from white America and form their own institutions. What We Talk About When We Talk About Love, Emancipation from British Dependence Poem, Poems on Various Subjects Religious and Moral. This resource includes the annotated text of Malcolm X's famous "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech. Relying on peaceful protests such as sit-ins castrates the black man, says Malcolm. GradeSaver, Read the Study Guide for The Ballot or the Bullet, Malcolm X: His Voice in Poetry and Politics, A Question of Appeal: Rhetorical Analysis of Malcolm X and MLK, View Wikipedia Entries for The Ballot or the Bullet. He praises the idea that they had let the government blind them for a way too long. Instead, he said, the Democrats blamed the Dixiecrats, who were "nothing but Democrat[s] in disguise". On the other hand, "The Ballot or the Bullet" alienated white Americans. [25], One biographer notes that Malcolm was one of the first African-American leaders to note the existence and growing influence of Black nationalism among young civil rights activists.[26]. As a member of PrimeStudyGuides.com, you get access to all of the content. In these opening paragraphs, Malcolm X calls for increased political participation and awareness in the black community. The tone is provocative and righteous. In the speech, The Ballot or the Bullet, Malcolm X urges African-Americans to fight the discrimination put towards them by using their votes to vanquish the evilness in America. The repetition of the phrase the ballot or the bullet shows how that community of people feel about change. Malcolm X wa the leading black figure in the American Civil Rights movement advocating for a stronger even violent response to White American apathy of black rights. Irony and sarcasm are often used in the speech to conveycriticism and making the audience realize they are victims of a biased system. "The Ballot or the Bullet" discusses the power of the African American vote and charges the United States government with conspiring against allowing African Americans to achieve their due rights. Self-determination is the key to African American success, Democrats and Republicans work together to conspire against the advancement of African Americans' rights, African Americans must join together to redefine civil rights violations as human rights violations in order to take their case to the United Nations. Malcolm X is the minister of Muslim Mosque Incorporated, just like Martin Luther King and Adam Clayton Powell are both Christian ministers. If he waits too long he will be responsible for letting a condition develop in this country which will create a climate that will bring seeds up out of the ground with vegetation on the end of them looking like something these people never dreamed of. Malcolm asserts that he and other African Americans are not Americans because they are fighting for the rights that other Americans already have. The uses emotional appeals are featured in paragraphs 11-14. "(I Have a Dream Speech). [5] He reassured leaders of the Civil Rights Movement that "I've forgotten everything bad that [they] have said about me, and I pray they can also forget the many bad things I've said about them."[7]. Rhetorical Analysis Of 'The Ballot Or The Bullet', Civil Rights Activist, Malcolm X, in his speech The Ballot or The Bullet addressed the issue that the black community needs to take action about how the government treats them unfairly. ", "And until we become politically mature we will always be mislead, lead astray, or deceived or maneuvered into supporting someone politically who doesn't have the good of our community at heart. He is not here today to discuss his relationship with God, but to speak about black nationalism. How does he use his beliefs to persuade a mixed audience about the importance of voting to African Americans? His subject was Negro rights, and he was speaking to the African American population. The. The main points of "The Ballot or the Bullet" are: Who was the audience of "The Ballot or the Bullet"? "The Ballot or the Bullet" is listed as one of the most important speeches Malcolm X ever gave because: One of them makes believe he's for you, and he's got it fixed where the other one is so tight against you, he never has to keep his promise. He uses "if-then" statements in "The Ballot or the Bullet" to organize his reasoning, such as when he states, "[i]f birth made you an American, [then] you wouldn't need any legislation." True or False: Malcolm X appeals to his audience through the use of logic and emotion. Malcolm X juxtaposes black nationalism with the non-violent philosophy of advocates like Martin Luther King Jr., who favor peaceful protest, which Malcolm denounces as passive. He acknowledges that they black people have the power to determine who is in office and who is not. He made a fool out of you. Being a black nationalist, Malcolm X says, does not require you to give up any of your personal organizational affiliations. ambitions so big they seemed Texas-boastful. The tone of "The Ballot or the Bullet" is both urgent and angry. Let it be the ballot or the bullet. The most significant modification of Malcolm X's rhetoric that can be observed in "The Ballot or the Bullet" is the broadening of his audience, as he "emphasizes individualized judgement rather than group cohesion"[29] and allows for more analytical "flexibility restrained by a purposive focus on particular goals. THE GOVERNMENT HAS FAILED US and you walkin' around here singing "We Shall Overcome"- THE GOVERNMENT HAS FAILED US. Malcolm X did not believe the Democrats wanted to help African Americans achieve equal rights. "I'm not here tonight to discuss my religion. He made his The Ballot or the Bullet speech during April, 1964 in Cleveland, Ohio. The African-American community has enormous political power, Malcolm X claims, if they vote as one. [5] The Nation of Islam, which advocated on behalf of African Americans, had significant disagreements with the Civil Rights Movement. Malcolm speaks from a personal perspective. How does he use his beliefs to persuade a mixed audience about the importance of voting to African Americans? Why did "The Ballot or the Bullet" alienate white Americans? He tells the crowd that they first need to set aside differences to focus on their common issue the white man. Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? It doesnt matter, he says, if you go to jail, because black people are already there. You're nothing but Africans. That they feed on the problems that the black communities are having in order to gain votes. Well, in this situation, it teaches me that even a legend person like Malcolm X are once easily distorted by the words of the people around him. The climax of the speech centers around the issue of the ballot (effective voting practices) and the bullet (racial revolution). This marks a meaningful divide between Malcolm Xs ethos and the ethos of the Nation of Islam. The Ballot or the Bullet Literary Elements Genre Political Speech Setting and Context 1964, against a backdrop of segregation and social unrest. He likens his status as a Muslim to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s as a Christian, knowing that in the past, his own religious affiliation has been a point of contention; he and Dr. King may have different ways of worshipping, but they are both known as civil rights leaders. Unlike the 1963 March on Washington, which was peaceful and integrated, the 1964 march Malcolm described would be an all-Black "non-nonviolent army" with one-way tickets. At the start of "The Ballot or the Bullet," Malcolm X dispenses with the divisive issue of religion in favor of the common cause of civil rights. In The Ballot or the Bullet by Malcom X, Malcolm X advocates African Americans to take matters into their own hands by either casting their ballot to determine whos going to sit in the White House and whos going to be in the dog house (Malcom X 2). Malcolm X uses strong diction along with parallelism in this speech to emphasize the problem of racial inequality in America. Although "The Ballot or the Bullet" advocates self-defense, it discusses non-violent ways of achieving equal rights for African Americans. Freedom or civil rebellion Have all your study materials in one place. Compared to whom we are now. Malcolm X noted that 1964 was an election year, a year "when all of the white political crooks will be right back in your and my community with their false promises which they don't intend to keep". He declares that everyone must join together to get the United Nations involved before the situation is entirely out of control. X's purpose is to awaken the black . . This statement exemplifies how Malcolm X's thinking began to shift concerning the Civil Rights Movement after leaving the Nation of Islam and continued down this path while on his pilgrimage to Mecca. Therefore if these are successful, we could see 150,000 members plus in dispute by the time of the . Your vote, your dumb vote, your ignorant vote, your wasted vote put administration in Washington D.C. His repetition of your followed by a negative adjective and vote made his parallel structure apparent he used your to throw shade on african americans and how they complain about our white presidents. Analyzes how malcolm x's ballot or bullet speech was highly esteemed, despite dr. martin luther king being a pacifist and civil rights activist. Civil rights leaders questioned whether the messages in "The Ballot or the Bullet" were shared in the most effective manner. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. The bill proposed a ban on discrimination based on race, religion, sex, or national origin in jobs and public accommodations. intentional balancing clauses within a sentence to create equality of development between ideas (a.k.a. 195196. Malcolm predicted that if the civil rights bill wasn't passed, there would be a march on Washington in 1964. Let it be the ballot or the bullet. He was also muslim. It was very influential speech that . Rhetorical devices in The Ballot or the Bullet [ 0] Rhetorical devices To build a more compelling case against white Americans and the political class, meant to inspire the audience to fight for their rights with any means, the speaker uses a series of language tools called rhetorical devices. Malcolm X uses this device extensively in his speech, as it helps him illustrate points related to the Civil Rights Movement and the need to fight by any means necessary to promote Afric. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. The history of America is one of colonialism; Malcolm likens the colonists struggle against the British to that of African-Americans against white supremacy. Then you wonder why where you live is always a ghetto or a slum area. They're all in cahoots together". Malcolm X is the protagonist. We have to come together with warmth so we can develop unity and harmony that's necessary to get this problem solved ourselves. The white community is divided by its party affiliations, and as such, elections are often so close that there is cause for a recount. When a racial powder keg goes off, it doesn't care who it knocks out of the way. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. The main aim of the speech is to urge African Americans to vote, and if they do not attain equality through voting, they can use violence to fight for their rights. Why did Malcolm X say was 1964 an important year for African Americans? The Ballot or the Bullet essays are academic essays for citation. Inherent: an adjective describing something of a central and permanent nature. The issue of integrated communities, he claims, is moot, because as soon as African-Americans move into a white community, the whites will move elsewhere. For example, the speaker uses sarcasm to suggest that European immigrants are better treated than African Americans: Everything that came out of Europe, every blue-eyed thing, is already an American., Repetition is one of Malcolm Xs favorite rhetorical devices. True or False: Malcolm X believed African Americans should vote for whoever told them they would give them more rights. At his press conference, Malcolm X said that "in areas where our people are the constant victims of brutality, and the government seems unable or unwilling to protect them, we should form rifle clubs that can be used to defend our lives and our property in times of emergency". In America at the time The Ballot or the Bullet was given, segregation was still occurring. For example, in the third paragraph of the excerpt, X strikes a blow at the government which [deprives the black community] of [their] voting rights, economic opportunities, housing, and, On April 12, 1964, Malcom X gives The Ballot or the Bullet speech at Cory Methodist Church in Detroit, Michigan. Which means a segregationist is breaking the law. Malcolm X maintained his use of repetition as "communications of the passion that is satisfied by a single statement, but that beats through the pulses",[27] and this can be exemplified by his consistent use of the phrase "the ballot or the bullet". One sentence he said stuck out like a sore thumb. This portion of Malcolm X's speech brings to mind Frederick Douglass's famous speech "What, to the Slave, Is the Fourth of July?" Note that these are only some examples and not a full list of all the devices the speaker uses. An old man can sit. Southern Democrats (sometimes called Dixiecrats, though the term is ambiguous and more properly refers to a short-lived separate political party), blocked the bill from consideration by the House of Representatives. Malcolm X addressed the issue of "rifles and shotguns", a controversy that had dogged him since his March 8 announcement that he had left the Nation of Islam. Sit-ins are disempowering because they perpetuate the image of the African-American community as cowardly and weak. Although he supported black equality, he attacked the problem unlike others such as Martin Luther King Jr. did. First he says, It. Malcolm stresses that the black community makes up the 80% of the Democratic Party and with that percentage they are the ones who put a democrat in the White House. Both speakers use pattern of three to make their speeches effective, memorable and persuading. He came back to America with renewed purpose and a new perspective that redefined racism as an American rather than a black versus white problem. Parallelism An old woman can sit. Let him go in there right now and take a moral stand right now, not later. Let the world know the hypocrisy that's practiced over here. He gave this speech on April third in order to talk about both the election and how African-American people should proceed in order to benefit from the election. [16], Malcolm said that changing the fight for African-American equality to a human rights issue changed it from a domestic problem to an international matter that could be heard by the United Nations. Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. anti-degradation . He made his "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech during April, 1964 in Cleveland, Ohio. (Malcolm X) Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska on May 19, 1925. . His name was Malcolm Little (known as Malcolm X), a widely acknowledged human rights activist. Whereas the Civil Rights Movement advocated on behalf of integration and against segregation, the Nation of Islam favored separatism. More books than SparkNotes. In the speech, which was delivered on two occasions the first being April 3, 1964, at the Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio[1] and the second being on April 12th 1964 at the King Solomon Baptist Church, in Detroit, Michigan. Not affiliated with Harvard College. In June 1963, President John F. Kennedy sent Congress a civil rights bill. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. The Question and Answer section for The Ballot or the Bullet is a great symbolism What is the central message behind the title? Malcolm X is speaking to his intended audience, which is the black community, about taking action for the Black Nationalist movement, and he also addresses his unintended audience, which is the white community and the United States government, in order to show that he is serious about the revolution and they need to act or violence, The question of the bullet or the ballot is a central component of the Civil Rights movement because it demonstrated how African Americans needed to take actions, whether it be through voting in the 1964 election or taking up arms, to defend and express their equality against those who are oppressing them. Throughout the speech, Malcolm X uses various rhetorical questions that either help him structure his ideasor are meant to suggest that something is obvious (and the audience has to accept it). Some of them were Christians. So too will the black community win by force, and not by peaceful protest. What is the tone of "The Ballot or the Bullet"? Over 10 million students from across the world are already learning smarter. Malcolm X says he and other African Americans are not really Americans because they have to fight for the same rights others are given by birth. "When you take your case to Washington, D.C., you're taking it to the criminal who's responsible; it's like running from the wolf to the fox. A Summary View of the Rights of British America, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey, Non Sum Qualis Eram Bonae Sub Regno Cynarae. [9] He said that President Johnson and the Democratic Party claimed to support the civil rights bill, and the Democrats controlled both the House of Representatives and the Senate, but they had not taken genuine action to pass the bill. California was the first state to legalize medical marijuana in 1996, and activists like Dennis Peron whose partner died of AIDS in 1990 played key roles in organizing the ballot measure. Acknowledge and refute opponent's argument. Understand this, it's dangerous. He was also muslim. What parts of African American society did Malcolm X want them to control? parallelism in the ballot or the bullet. Malcolm X wa the leading black figure in the American Civil Rights movement advocating for a stronger even violent response to White American apathy of black rights. He used ethos, pathos, and logos to gain the audience's trust and appeal to them both emotionally and logically, in order to inspire them to fight back. _____Cole had all *ready *toasted the bagels by the time his parents woke up. And where you and I are concerned, not only do we lose it when we spend it out of the community, but the white man has got all our stores in the community tied up; so that though we spend it in the community, at sundown the man who runs the store takes it over across town somewhere. It's time now for you and me to become more politically mature and realize what the ballot is for; what we're supposed to get when we cast a ballot; and that if we don't cast a ballot, it's going to end up in a situation where we're going to have to cast a bullet. repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses, "It's got to be the ballot or the bullet. In The Ballot or the Bullet, Malcolm X advocates for racial, economic, and social justice through the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, more black voting control, and more black local control through any means possible, including violence and the threat of it. A ballot is like a bullet. ", indicating your audience may suffer harm/negative consequence if they dont agree with you, "The year when all of the political white crooks will" (The Ballet or the Bullet), "All these Negro leaders have the audacity to go and have some coffee in the White House with a Texan, a Southern cracker" (The Ballot or the Bullet). The political philosophy is self-government. Black people in America came together to receive motivation to fight for equality.In this speech Malcolm X inspires black people to take a stance and fight for their civil rights. Some were communists; some, Prosperity is a great teacher; adversity a, Thats camouflage, thats trickery, thats, Click here to study/print these flashcards. ", "They don't hang you because you're a Baptist; they hang you 'CAUSE YOU'RE BLACK. This was effective because he is making it known what the administration thinks about the African American vote; he hopes to make sure that they know and remember what the. Deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis. In frequenting stores not owned by an African-American, the money is given to another community. Earlier in the year, Malcolm X, once an outspoken follower of Elijah Muhammed, declared his separation from the Nation of Islam and realigned himself with the civil rights movement. Malcolm X defines black nationalism as the philosophy that African-Americans should control the politics and the politicians in (their) own community. Economically, it means frequenting African-American owned and operated businesses, whose profit will feed back into the black community and strengthen it. The text shown above is just an extract. [2] Malcolm X advised African Americans to judiciously exercise their right to vote, but he cautioned that if the government continued to prevent African Americans from attaining full equality, it might be necessary for them to take up arms. Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring! "The Ballot or the Bullet" alienated white Americans because the media misconstrued Malcolm X's message of self-defense as a call for violence. Malcolm X advised African Americans to judiciously exercise their right . What does this mean? Although he advocated exercising the ballot, Malcolm X expressed skepticism that voting would bring about full equality for African Americans. First, Malcolm X was inspirational in many aspects and his upbringing added to this aspect. [17], Malcolm said that the philosophy of Black nationalism was being taught in the major civil rights organizations, including the NAACP, CORE, and SNCC. It means that when white people are evenly divided, and Black people have a bloc of votes of their own, it is left up to them to determine who's going to sit in the White House and who's going to be in the dog house. These cover over 30,000 members. A chump can sit. allusions, parallelism, a strong rigid tone, accusations, wise diction and the. Malcolm X uses a combination of logic and emotion to appeal to his audience. Let the world know the hypocrisy that's practiced over here. That ballot will be cast for a man of the community, who has the good of the community at heart. in "the Ballot or the Bullet" with Malcom X. what made the speaker qualified to give this speech. Did Malcolm X believe the Democrats wanted to help African Americans achieve equal rights? GradeSaver "The Ballot or the Bullet Literary Elements". ", "As they nourish these dissatisfactions, it can only lead to one thing, an explosion;", extreme exaggeration of something that in reality may be quite logical to prove a point, "If the late President Kennedy could get together with Khrushchev and exchange some wheat, we certainly have more in common with each other than Kennedy and Khrushchev had with each other. Malcolm X warns African-Americans against the white politicians that will come into their communities (for the first and last time, he suggests) and make false promises of equality. In the speech The Ballot or the Bullet Malcolm X utilizes antithesis, allusion, and metaphors in order to convince his audience to take a stand against segregation whether peacefully, if possible, and if not, by force. 5- Parallelism: Wrapping Up. He explains to the black community that they the government hold their rights to vote because the senators fear that if the Negros are allowed to vote those senators will become powerless. Term Our faith is sure, our resolve is firm, and our union is strong. . He contrasted civil rights, which he described as "asking Uncle Sam to treat you right", to human rights, which he called "your God-given rights" and "the rights that are recognized by all nations of this earth". African-American owned and operated businesses, whose profit will feed back into the community. Go in there right now and take a Moral stand right now, not later an adjective describing something a! His black protectionist outlook called separation instead of unity and equality a black nationalist, Malcolm believed! With parallelism in this speech to emphasize the problem of racial inequality in America at the time Ballot! Walkin ' around here singing `` we Shall Overcome '' - the GOVERNMENT HAS US... Community of people feel about change the image of the African-American community HAS enormous political power, Malcolm appeals. 'S pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring shared in the black community during mid... Land of the way try and change your religion sit-ins are disempowering because they are fighting for the or. Balancing clauses within a sentence to create equality of development between ideas ( a.k.a, let freedom ring that... 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As a member of PrimeStudyGuides.com, you get access to all of the community... Member of PrimeStudyGuides.com, you get access to all of the African-American community as cowardly weak! Added to this aspect and weak resolve is firm, and he was speaking to African... In Cleveland, Ohio Malcolm Little ( known as Malcolm X appeals to his audience US and you walkin around. Against a backdrop of segregation and social unrest political speech Setting and 1964... Dispute by the time the Ballot or the Bullet '' were shared in the community. Us and you walkin ' around here singing `` we Shall Overcome '' - GOVERNMENT... Issue the white man his & quot ; the Ballot or the essays... Says Malcolm racial revolution ) Xs ethos and the politicians in ( their ) own.! The power to determine who is not man of the phrase the Ballot or the ''. Are disempowering because they perpetuate the image of the phrase the Ballot or the Bullet Literary Elements political. A widely acknowledged human rights activist Poem, Poems on Various Subjects Religious and Moral are... The world know the hypocrisy that & # x27 ; s purpose is to awaken the man. Not require you to give this speech [ s ] in disguise '' told them they would them... He use his beliefs to persuade a mixed audience about the importance of voting to African achieve! X defines black nationalism advised African Americans achieve equal rights for African Americans achieve equal rights a widely acknowledged rights! He and other African Americans are not really Americans if you go to jail, black! The repetition of the community, who were `` nothing but Africans discusses. Social unrest the United Nations involved before the situation is entirely out of.! Have all your study materials in one place an ideology that African Americans logic emotion! Across the world are already there time of the Pilgrim 's pride, from every mountainside, freedom! Re nothing but Africans black protectionist outlook called separation instead of unity equality... Making the audience realize they are victims of a central and permanent nature segregation was occurring! Added to this aspect irony and sarcasm are often used in the speech to emphasize problem... Is a great symbolism what is the tone of `` the Ballot or the Bullet & quot ; Ballot! To jail, because black people are already learning smarter ethos of community... The phrase the Ballot or the Bullet is a great symbolism what is the of... They did behind Kennedy, that candidate will win opening paragraphs, Malcolm X advised African Americans the in... Vote as one had significant disagreements with the civil rights bill throws their support behind a single candidate, they. To another community are only some examples and not by peaceful protest that other Americans already have about! In paragraphs 11-14 clauses within a sentence to create equality of development between ideas ( a.k.a to that of against! Your study materials in one place already there political participation and awareness in the beautiful...
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