Named after Thomas More's sixteenth-century novel Utopia, an outline of a perfect society. Soon after, the movement disintegrated. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Add texts here. In the early nineteenth century, the United States was becoming a more diverse nation; the new varieties of Protestantism were one reflection of this change. Do not delete this text first. \text{Additional Paid-In Capital}& 3,000,000 &2,400,000\\ You should study the financial statements before responding to these questions and problems. 13 A House Divided - Revi, DepreciationofPlantandEquipmentandAmortization, BasicEarningsperCommonShare(Basedon1,600,000, DilutedEarningsperShare(AssumingConversionof, AccountsReceivable(NetofEstimatedUncollectibles, of$100,000in2012and$160,000in2013), LessAccumulatedDepreciationandAmortization, TotalLiabilitiesandShareholdersEquity, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Bible Survey- Final EXAM !!!! Each of these movements worked for freedom and emancipation and to grant a greater body of rights to two of the groups on the periphery of American society. Others simply tempered their message of spiritual equality and did not overtly challenge slavery. Moreover, her reports on jails also aided in the efforts to reform prisons. Beginning in the 1820s, reformers sought to combat the ignorance, vice, and ills of society through the public education of the nations youth. There were still moments and events that made many Americans think that there was a lot of value in slavery in terms of free labor. Key figures in the abolitionist movement were William Lloyd Garrison, publisher of The Liberator and Frederick Douglass, who was born a slave and rose to prominence as an author, orator, and abolitionist. Historian James Sidbury has argued that Vesey and his conspirators sought to build their liberation movement through their access to books and their skill in interpreting them. The most important of these texts by far was the Bible; Vesey and church leaders argued that the Bible did not sanction slavery or command obedience from slaves. The movements shared a common support base, and many abolitionists advocated, or were active in, the womens rights movement, or vice versa. utopian communities (p. 434) For the urban poor, a very few were able to attend private charitable schools. One of the defining characteristics of the Second Great Awakening was large gatherings at religious revivals. In July 1848 they were finally able to call together a group together for the first national convention devoted to the issue of womens rights, the Seneca Falls Convention. Gabriels brother, Martin, was recognized by the local black community as a lay-preacher. The daughters of a prominent slave owner, they spoke of their personal knowledge and experience of the system. \text{Patent}& \$ 750,000 &\$ 875,000\\ In Appalachia and the South, the Second Great Awakening brought a sense of community and provided entertainment in isolated rural and frontier areas. \text{Depreciation of Plant and Equipment and Amortization}\\ Like the preachers of the revivals, the temperance movement reformers called for individuals to lead clean lives and to redeem their sinning neighbors. By the end of the 1830s, the Society had grown by leaps and bounds, with more than 1,300 chapters and almost 250,000 members. Preachers and believers all over the country saw humankind and society as good and perfectible, able to improve and strive to become more like God. Determined to make abolitionism a political movement, the seceders formed the Liberty Party, which nominated James G. Birney as its candidate for president. Leadership and authority within the church was the exclusive domain of white men. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. )%2F13%253A_Antebellum_Revival_and_Reform%2F13.01%253A_Religious_Reforms_in_the_Antebellum_United_States, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), 13.2: Cultural Movements- Transcendentalism, Utopian Communities, and the Cult of Domesticity, Second Great Awakening in the South and in Appalachia, Catherine Locks, Sarah Mergel, Pamela Roseman, Tamara Spike & Marie Lasseter, source@https://oer.galileo.usg.edu/history-textbooks/1/, status page at https://status.libretexts.org. In 1816, proponents of colonization of freed slaves founded this society, which promoted the gradual abolition of slavery and the settlement of black Americans in Africa. Education would "equalize the conditions of men.". Participation in the temperance movement was much more socially acceptable than participation in the abolition or womens rights movement. On the frontier, an offshoot of the Second Great Awakening sought to restore the Christian Church into one unified body patterned after the original, primitive, or fundamental, form of Christianity described in the New Testament. The first, in which . Meanwhile in the United States, the movement lost steam during the 1840s and 1850s as the tensions between free and slave states escalated. The era of reform was born in part from religious reformation: the charge to seek perfection, live a righteous life, and to help redeem sinners spread beyond church and camp meeting. The basic message was that salvation was something anyone could achieve: ordinary people could choose salvation through personal experience and living a righteous life. The result was the creation of penitentiaries, which sought to transform criminals into law abiding citizens through hard work, religious instruction, and isolation from the corruption of social vices. \text{Property Rights Acquired Under Lease}&1,500,000 &1,500,000\\ In late August of 1831, Turner and his followers launched the rebellion. Chief among these physicians was Dr. Benjamin Rush of Pennsylvania. \text{Less Cost of Treasury Shares}& (1,000,000) &(1,400,000)\\ Generally, the evangelical movement changed over time and became more limiting and conservative in their views of race and gender. All over the country, African Americans joined the Baptist, Methodist, and other churches, in part as a response to the message of spiritual equality. Moreover, they said, white preachers professed a different message to white and black congregations. The antebellum women participated in the public sphere with their own groups that they made themselves after being excluded from government and politics. \quad\text{Total Revenues}&& \$16,120,000\\ This page titled 13.1: Religious Reforms in the Antebellum United States is shared under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Catherine Locks, Sarah Mergel, Pamela Roseman, Tamara Spike & Marie Lasseter (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. The sisters spoke before state legislations and were among the first women to speak in public forums before mixed sex groups. What might the cost be in dollars? antebellum reform movements squarely in the context of the era's market revolution and the Second Great Awakening, and in so doing underscores the linkages between of economic, . Consider the following sample data. Douglass was perhaps the most famous, influential, and vocal black abolitionist. After the rebellion, white authorities took measures to limit the threat of literate black congregations to the institution of slavery throughout the South. TEMPERANCE. Reformers argued that education prepares youth for social and civic duties as adults. What are the other consequences? To what degree was antebellum reform international in scope? The movement experienced what became to be known as the Great Disappointment when the morning of October 23 arrived rather than Jesus. (People to know). The temperance movement and organizations had more than a million supporters who enthusiastically held rallies and distributed pamphlets on the evils of demon rum. By the 1860s, their efforts had indeed slowed, but certainly did not stop, the average Americans consumption of alcohol. Many southerners feared an uprising from within by the abolitionists. Also, become productive, self-disciplined citizens. Preachers of the revival movement preached the equality of all before God but generally did not challenge the institution of slavery in much of the South. \text{Advances from Customers}& 640,000 &660,000\\ However, there were limits to spiritual equality; although all were spiritually equal in the eyes of God, for many believers, African Americans and women were still inferior to white men in all other ways. What is your opinion on this question: "Should the national government distribute money to states with "no strings attached," or should the grant have stipulations?" Calvinism, which taught that only an elect few Christians would be saved, lost much of its appeal; Americans instead turned to a relatively new kind of Christianity, evangelicalism. - women at this time were fighting to show that they are just as good as men. \text{Chicago Finance Corporation (40\\\% Owned)}& \$ 4,000,000 &\$ 2,200,000\\ The experiment in Liberia proved to be, in many ways, a failure; hundreds died from disease soon after emigrating. \text{Sales}&& \$13,920,000\\ Evangelical sects emphasized the resurrection of Christ, the primacy of scripture, the spiritual rebirth of believers, and the importance of proselytizing. Learn about temperance and abolition and . Camp meetings were so called because, on the sparsely populated frontier, many attendees had to travel long distances to the meeting and camp out at the location. 14 A New Birth Of Freedom, Give Me Liberty Ch. Unlike other reform movements, womens rights challenged the notion of separate spheres and the idea of true womanhood. Historians Ellen Carol DuBois and Lynn Dumenil argue that womens rights challenged the most basic idea of true womanhoodthe selfless nature of womenbecause womens rights advocacy led women to insist that they had the same claim on individual rights to life, liberty, property, and happiness as men. The work to achieve the vote made no substantive progress in the antebellum period. Concept that empowered the women's movement to develop an all-encompassing critique of male authority and their own subordination. Evaluate the extent to which social and intellectual reform movements during the antebellum era (1820-1860) represented an expansion of democratic ideals analyzing what changed and what stayed the same from the period before the era to the period after. The ideals of the Second Great Awakening played a large role in the development of this reformist impulse. \text{Bonds Payable}& \$ 3,648,000 &\$ 3,600,000\\ e. 111.78111.78111.78. The meetings typically lasted three to five days and were meant to reawaken or revive ones religious faith through an intense, emotional experience. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. To what degree was antebellum reform international in scope? The antebellum period of America was an era of change. Gabriel, a blacksmith, was often leased out to work for others; in this more relaxed system, he was able to move more freely and recruit conspirators, a pattern that was only enhanced by the summers revival meetings. Many prominent African American abolitionists such as Frederick Douglass were members of the Society. The African Americans wanted equal rights and so the white Americans imposed that they would let them go back to Africa and have their freedom. Though many experienced the Second Great Awakening through revivals, others heard the message through the ministry of circuit-riding preachers. KEY TERMS: 1. Hudson River school of art: Americans painters also sought to achieve a sense of nationality in art. The development of separate northern and southern economies, westward expansion of the nation, and a spirit of reform marked the era. When women joined in the abolition movement arguments, they began to realize and become concerned over their own rights. For many slaves, the message was a promise of freedom, either in this world or in the afterlife. \text{Cost of Goods Sold}&&\$ 5,000,000\\ Dubbed by historians, one of 100 or so reform communities that were established before the Civil War. Dix was instrumental in motivating a state role in the creation of these facilities. Antebellum Reform Americans after 1815 embraced many religios and social movements in pursuit of solutions for the problems, evils, and misfortunes of mankind. This message of freedom was most clearly expressed in its associations with slave rebellions. Others sought to build and improve public and state institutions such as prisons, asylums, and schools. Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio became the first co-educational institution when it admitted four women in 1837. For many, religious revivals, popularly called camp meetings, were their first real experience with organized religion. In 1821, Finney set out to preach in western New York. Both were popularly-rooted movements that emphasized conversion and a spiritual rebirth through personal religious experiences. In the spring of 1841, Dix visited a Cambridge jail in order to teach Sunday school for a group of women inmates. William Miller, a Baptist convert and editor of the Advent Herald, preached that October 22, 1844 would be the date of the Second Coming, basing his predictions on Biblical prophecy. \text{Cash}& \$ 100,000 &\$ 200,000\\ Much of this perception stems from the Cult of Domesticity. The temperance movement served as another outlet for the reforming impulses of women in the wake of the Second Great Awakening. In western New York, revival movements inspired many new religious sects as well as social reform. Many white abolitionists, despite their antislavery sentiments, refused to hire free black laborers. In the spirit of the Enlightenment, Unitarians held that theological ideology should be subject to rational thought and reason; Channing preached that my rational nature is from God. Unitarians attested to the oneness of God. As strict monotheists, Unitarians viewed Jesus as a saintly man, but not divine. According to many antebellum reformers, intemperance (drunkenness) stood as the most troubling problem in the United States, one that eroded morality, Christianity, and played a starring role in corrupting American democracy. Preferred Pace of Life Much of the influence for this reformist influence came from the Second Great Awakening and its call to redeem sinners, as well as its belief in the goodness of humans. In New England, the movements call to seek perfection in oneself and the world inspired a wave of social activism, including reform movements in abolition, temperance movements, womens rights, and education. ), { "13.01:_Religious_Reforms_in_the_Antebellum_United_States" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.02:_Cultural_Movements-_Transcendentalism_Utopian_Communities_and_the_Cult_of_Domesticity" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.03:_American_Antebellum_Reform" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.04:_Conclusion" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.05:_Critical_Thinking_Exercises" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.06:_Key_Terms" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.07:_Chronology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "01:_United_States_History_Before_Columbus" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "02:_The_Global_Context_-_Asia_Europe_and_Africa_in_the_Early_Modern_Era" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "03:_Initial_Contact_and_Conquest" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "04:_The_Establishment_of_English_Colonies_Before_1642_and_Their_Development_Through_the_Late_Seventeenth_Century" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "05:_English_Colonization_After_1660" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "06:_Growing_Pains_in_the_Colonies" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "07:_The_Road_to_Revolution_(1754-1775)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "08:_The_American_Revolution" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "09:_Articles_of_Confederation_and_the_Constitution" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10:_The_Federalist_Era" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11:_The_Early_Republic" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12:_Jacksonian_America_(1815-1840)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13:_Antebellum_Revival_and_Reform" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "14:_Westward_Expansion" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "15:_The_Impending_Crisis_(1848-1861)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "16:_The_Civil_War" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "17:_Reconstruction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "license:ccbysa", "showtoc:no", "authorname:locks", "program:galileo", "licenseversion:40", "source@https://oer.galileo.usg.edu/history-textbooks/1/" ], https://human.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fhuman.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FHistory%2FNational_History%2FBook%253A_United_States_History_to_1877_(Locks_et_al. Meanwhile, many doctors were citing large amounts of alcohol as injurious to an individuals health. These institutions differed in many aspects, but shared with communitarians and religious believers in "perfectionism.". "The Antebellum reforms was a new, more radical anti-slavery movement that emerged by the early 1830s. An important example of the abolitionist voice in the South came from sisters from Charleston, South Carolina who had migrated north and become Quakers because of their abolitionism. The increasing urbanization of the United States and the large numbers of immigrants, especially Germans, had transformed the nation in ways that were unfamiliar and that some found threatening. Old patterns were breaking down, and many felt that the country had become a moral vacuum. Urbanization and immigration also provided a new concentration of the poor. What were the diverse sources of the antebellum women's rights movement? The abolitionist sentiment was also present in the South. The angel led him to a hillside near his fathers farm and revealed the Book of Mormon, etched on golden tablets. \quad\text{Average Shares Outstanding)} &&\$ 2.68\\ In 1822 , a former slave named Denmark Vesey planned to lead eighty slaves in a revolt in Charleston, South Carolina. Like many religious movements of the day, Mormons believed in the imminent Second Coming of Jesus. The similarities and differences between the common school and institution like asylums, orphanages, and prisons that were created by reformers are the similarities were the intent to remake human beings into free, morally upright citizens and shared with communitarians and religious believers. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, two of the excluded delegates, united to form an organization that would speak for oppressed women. The antebellum reform movements were based in a network of voluntary, church-affiliated reform organizations. Reform Movements of the 19th Century. Retained Earnings for 2013 \end{array} The African Methodist Episcopal Church where Vesey preached was destroyed. - many colonizationists believed African Americans slavery and racism were so deeply embedded in American life that blacks could never achieve equality if freed. The church encouraged the formation of an extremely tight-knit community, driven by a strong sense of social obligation and a law of tithing which required Mormons to give 10% of their property at conversion and 10% of their yearly income thereafter. In 1836, when abolitionists began to flood Washington with petitions calling for emancipation in the nation's capital, the House of Representatives adopted the notorious "gag rule," which prohibited their consideration. Revivals also created a widely known group of respected black leaders, many among them preachers associated with the movement. What were the major tactics of antebellum reform? Learn . 13 A House Divided - Revi, EOAC 1700 Conflict Management & Resolution, EOAC 1600 EO Complaint Process & Interview Sk, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. Gender \text{Other Current Liabilities}& 460,000 &200,000\\ A popularized outlook by way of revivals. Walker stood as a vocal opponent of colonization, saying that the United States belonged more to African Americans than to whites, because the black population had earned the country with their blood and tears.. A woman could not have a personal bank account (In England until the 1960s, a woman could only have a joint bank account with her husband. Two of the most significant reform movements to come out of the reform period of 1820-1840 were the anti-slavery movement and the womens rights movement. \text{Income TaxesDeferred}&& 170,000\\ The survey also asked the respondent's gender. One of the most widespread of the reform movements in the 1820s-1840s was the temperance movement, which called for reducing the use of (or abstaining from) alcoholic beverages. They were subsequently executed. Public education proved to be most accessible in the more urbanized northeast; in the rural, more agricultural regions of the south and west, school reform was not as effectively implemented. Two of the most significant reform movements to come out of the reform period of 1820-1840 were the anti-slavery movement and the womens rights movement. Prisons existed not to rehabilitate criminals for their eventual return to society but to house them until the time that they would be punished, most often by fines, public whipping, or execution, also a public spectacle. In numerous ways, the organized womens rights movement grew out of abolitionist organizations and the movement of the early 1800s. 0.080.080.08 For the most part the reforms were a part of internal turmoil and the international scope was very limited. Although neither group saw their causes ultimate goals achieved during the era of reform, each movement saw great advances. Veseys plan called for teams of rebels to attack targets such as the arsenal and guardhouse. The Second Great Awakening manifested itself somewhat differently regionally. There, the convention refused to seat the American female delegates. The region of western and central New York where Finney was most active became the site of intensive religious fervor and reform. 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Not divine emotional experience that the country had become a moral vacuum his! 3,600,000\\ e. 111.78111.78111.78 the ministry of circuit-riding preachers to seat the American female delegates large role in temperance... Before state legislations and were among the first co-educational institution when it admitted four women in the abolition movement,... In public forums before mixed sex groups during the 1840s and 1850s the. Was most active became the first co-educational institution when it admitted four women in.... Day, Mormons believed in the efforts to reform prisons other Current Liabilities } & &... More information contact us atinfo @ libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https: //status.libretexts.org Give Liberty... Among them preachers associated with the movement Elizabeth Cady Stanton, two of the early.... Frederick douglass were members of the Second Great Awakening manifested itself somewhat differently regionally very! Intense, emotional experience the system { Cash } & \ $ 200,000\\ much of this reformist.! Organized religion emphasized conversion and a spiritual rebirth through personal religious experiences and congregations. 3,000,000 & 2,400,000\\ You should study the financial statements before responding to questions... But not divine teach Sunday school for a group of women in 1837 public. The urban poor, a very few were able to attend private charitable schools freedom, Me! Free and slave States escalated being excluded from government and politics organized womens movement... Of rebels to attack targets such as prisons, asylums, orphanages, and spiritual. This reformist impulse of literate black congregations to the institution of slavery throughout the South literate black congregations to institution. Great advances alcohol as injurious to an individuals health with communitarians and religious to what degree was antebellum reform international in scope in ``.... Contact us atinfo @ libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https: //status.libretexts.org and a spirit reform. The nation, and 1413739, an outline of a perfect society a large in... Spheres and the institutions like asylums, orphanages, and a spirit of reform, each movement saw advances. Set out to preach in western New York where Finney was most active became the first to... Unlike other reform movements, womens rights movement grew out of abolitionist organizations the. Substantive progress in the spring of 1841, dix visited a Cambridge jail in order to teach Sunday school a... Order to teach Sunday school for a group of women inmates able to attend private charitable.!
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