Can you take elderberry syrup for colds? Both physical and mental stress can cause problems with the production of the gonadotrophin -releasing hormone (GnRH), a hormone that regulates ovulation and menstruation. If you have an autoimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, ask your doctor before taking elderberry supplements because it may stimulate the immune system. Iran J Pharm Res. JAMA 1984;251:2075. European folklore links elderberry consumption to increased strength and a longer lifespan. However, it does not prevent infections or illnesses. * Elderberry supplements and syrups can be taken daily if they are made by reputable companies. Mynarczyk K, Walkowiak-Tomczak D, ysiak GP. The elderberry plant contains a chemical that produces cyanide in the leaves or other plant parts and in the unripe green fruit. View abstract. These studies lead us to the conclusion that elderberries may temporarily increase inflammation to fight against diseases. Raus K, Pleschka S, Klein P, Schoop R, Fisher P. Effect of an echinacea-based hot drink versus oseltamivir in Influenza treatment: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, noninferiority clinical trial. Elderberry also figures prominently in Native American medicine. Leads from the MMWR. Elderberry for prevention and treatment of viral respiratory illnesses: a systematic review. Some research suggests it reduces the severity and duration of symptoms associated with the flu or common cold. This may lead to an underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism, meaning insufficient thyroid production. A 2016 study published in Nutrients showed that elderberry supplementation was able to reduce cold duration and symptoms in people using air travel. Some parts of the elder plant such as the stem and leaves are also toxic to . In rare cases, they can completely block your periods. Elderberry is also a fiber superstar, as you can meet over 40 percent of your daily fiber requirements by eating this unassuming little fruit. Antibiotics, however, do not directly affect your menstrual cycle. OTHER NAMES(S): Arbre de Judas, Baccae, Baises de Sureau, Black-Be, OTHER NAME(S): Arbre de Judas, Baccae, Baises de Sureau, Black-Be, Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is the dark purple berry from the European elder tree. J Am Dent.Assoc. 2011;142:1168-75. For those who understand their condition, or want to be proactive in supporting the thyroid gland, there are many natural supplements to consider. One group was given four doses of 175-milligram proprietary elderberryextract daily, and the other group received a placebo for two days. If your symptoms continue to worsen, you should seek medical attention. One of the most well-studied elderberry supplement benefits is its powerful immune-boosting properties. Consuming it uncooked may cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Frank T, Sonntag S, Strass G, Bitsch I, Bitsch R, Netzel M. Urinary pharmacokinetics of cyanidin glycosides in healthy young men following consumption of elderberry juice. Some of the most common include: European elder flowers contain approximately 0.3 percent of an essential oil composed of free fatty acids and alkanes. Phytother Res. Vlachojannis JE, Cameron M, Chrubasik S. A systematic review on the sambuci fructus effect and efficacy profiles. After you find (and harvest) those much-valued little berries, try canning several jars of elderberry jam, or stir them into a tasty homemade pie. Elderberries are naturally high invitamin C, vitamin A,vitamin B6, iron andpotassium, among several other essential nutrients. Elderberry contains antioxidants that may help protect your cells from damage . Furthermore, a 2017 animal study published in theInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences noted that elderberries can serve as a potential source of bioactive compounds for formulations used for the management of diabetes. It claimed that elderberry is only an immunomodulatory agent and balances immune response (activates it when required, and pacifies it when not required). 2016;8(4):182. doi:10.3390/nu8040182, Zakay-Rones Z, Thom E, Wollan T, Wadstein J. Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. Elderberry is often sold as an herbal supplement. United States Pharmacopeia (USP). Elderberry is most commonly used orally as a syrup. Elderberry may cause serious side effects. Exp Pathol Health Sci. Copyright 1996-2023 Cerner Multum, Inc. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. Elderberry has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating constipation. Therefore, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any supplements you plan to take and check in about potential interactions with other supplements or medications. Dietary supplements are not regulated like drugs in the United States, meaning the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not approve them for safety and effectiveness before products are marketed. Ripe, cooked elderberry fruit is considered safe to eat in moderation. If you are considering using elderberry, talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist about whether it is an appropriate supplement for you. Looking for a natural remedy that has a long history of medicinal use? What Is the Difference Between Wolfberries & Goji Berries? Clin Exp Allergy 2003;33:1703-10. Known as the emmenagogue effect, hibiscus tea and extracts can encourage blood flow to the uterus to help stimulate menstruation. Apakah Anda sedang mencari bacaan seputar Can Ms Affect Your Period namun belum ketemu? The disease progressively shows many symptoms, such as fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and difficulty breathing. Can elderberry cause side effects? There may be a risk of hypoglycemia, and raw and . Some don't work well with prescription medicines. The berries are credited for many feats including, but not limited to: Now, lets see what the research says about using elderberry for thyroid support. 2020 Sep 14. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06170-w. View abstract. This finding may highlight an alternative to misuse of antibiotics for these respiratory symptoms. Poisoning from elderberry juice. There are also recipes for elderberry-based medications dating back toAncient Egypt. Frank T, Janssen M, Netzet G, Christian B, Bitsch I, Netzel M. Absorption and excretion of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) anthocyanins in healthy humans. In addition, elderberry supplementation may be a potentially safer option for fighting cold and flu symptoms, compared to prescription medications with potentially harmful side effects. Medicinal use of this product has not been approved by the FDA. This study tested extracts of both berries to assessanticancer potential and found that both demonstrated significant chemopreventive potential. Some medications, such as those used after a transplant, decrease the activity of the immune system. J Int Med Res 2004;32:132-40. The elder plant may possess beneficial anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-cancer effects, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. What are the side effects of elderberry? 2021 US open forum: elderberry standards development. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Keep your supplements stored according to the instructions on the product label. In some clinical trials, adults took 3 teaspoons (1 tablespoon) of elderberry extract in syrup form four times daily for five days. Instead, they contained elderflower or were mixed with other ingredients, such as black rice extract or purple carrot extract. Some researchers suspect that this compound may improve skins structure and condition to enhance overall skin health. Since allergies involve an overreaction of the immune system as well as inflammation, research suggests that the herbs ability to improve immune function and calm inflammation can help provideallergy relief. These can include a change in your blood pressure or an unusually rapid heartbeat. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. 2016 Mar 24;8(4). https://medlineplus.gov/autoimmunediseases.html, http://www.thyroid.org/hashimotos-thyroiditis/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11399518/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1756464619300313, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372600/, 6 Health Benefits and Uses for Elderberry Supplements. In addition to using elderberry syrup for colds, the flowers of the elder plant are also known to be aneffective herbal allergy remedy. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. Before we analyze what science has discovered regarding this unique natural medicine, lets discuss thyroid dysfunctions in more detail. If you have eaten an unknown berry and develop concerning symptoms, get immediate medical attention. Cyanogenic glycoside analysis in American elderberry, Advanced research on the antioxidant and health benefit of elderberry (, The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. This article will review the potential uses of elderberry, how to safely use it, and possible concerns with using elderberry. These drugs can also cause irregular bleeding. Macknin M, Wolski K, Negrey J, Mace S. Elderberry extract outpatient influenza treatment for emergency room patients ages 5 and above: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Our website content and services are for informational purposes only. Research actually shows that elderberry is a safe, efficient and cost-effectivetreatment for the common cold and flu. It is possibly unsafe to consume. Zinc, for instance, is essential for thyroid hormone production. First, check the package for the daily recommended dosage, and don't exceed that amount, states the University of Rochester Medical Center. Kunitz S, Melton RJ, Updyke T, et al. Additionally, research has shown vitamin C to be effective against the thyroid antibodies in Hashimotos disease. There is no safety data on the use of elderberry in children under 5 years of age. If you want fresh berries, be sure you buy them from a reputable source. American elderberry ( Sambucus canadensis ) is more shrub-like and can grow up to 8 to 10 feet high, while European black elder ( Sambucus nigra) has the makings of a small tree and will reach 20 feet. Elderberry is native to Europe, Africa and parts of Asia, but its becomecommonin the U.S. Jennifer Lefton, MS, RD/N-AP, CNSC, FAND is a Registered Dietitian/Nutritionist and writer with over 20 years of experience in clinical nutrition. In 2021, the USP held a forum to discuss the need for standards in developing elderberry products. The uncertainty surrounding COVID-19 gave birth to much research on its influence outside the respiratory system, with the thyroid gland as a major stakeholder. Dr. Irina Todorov, an integrative medicine physician with the Cleveland Clinic, is cautiously optimistic about elderberry's benefits. European elder. Viapiana A, Wesolowski M. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of infusions of Sambucus nigra L. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. However, there is some conflicting evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies to suggest that excessive flavonoid intake can interfere with certain aspects of thyroid hormone synthesis. Elderberry may reduce the effectiveness of immune suppressants, which are common medications for people who have undergone organ transplant procedures. Other proposed uses of elderberry have not been supported by research. Taking a specific elderberry extract syrup (Sambucol, Nature's Way) seems to reduce. Elderberry has many nutrients. pii: E182. 2022;110. A cup also contains the . This heterogeneous composition allows the berries to harness a range of health benefits. Common side effects of elderberry may include: This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. A systematic review in 2021 weighed out this argument. Inflammatory cytokines. If you have a preexisting thyroid condition, its best to speak with a doctor before adding elderberry into your treatment regimen. Ask a doctor, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider if it is safe for you to use this product if you have an autoimmune disease such as: Ask a doctor before using this product if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. There isn't enough reliable information to know if it is safe to use for longer than 12 weeks. Phytochemistry 2009;70:1255-61. Lets take a look at the research to find an answer. View abstract. 2020;35(11):3271-3277. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06170-w, Hawkins J, Baker C, Cherry L, Dunne E. Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Related: 10 Holy Basil Benefits: Tulsi Helps Anxiety, Acne & More. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. A 2009 study randomized patients intotwo groups. Side effects, in theory, can include cramping, bleeding, early. Collectively, this analysis included 180 participants with upper respiratory symptoms. Zakay-Rones Z, Varsano N, Zlotnik M, et al. If you currently take any of the following medications, you should talk to your health care provider before using an elderberry supplement or any other elder plant products: Erythritol is now one of the most popular natural zero-calorie sweeteners available. Taking elderberry along with these medications might decrease the effects of these medications. Van Damme EJ, Roy S, Barre A, et al. We suggest women avoid taking elderberry while pregnant due to limited research on the matter. For example, one animal model showed that giving mice with high cholesterol and HDL cholesterol dysfunction anthocyanin-rich black elderberry extract helped reduce hepatic cholesterol levels and improved HDL function. That said, there is no benefit to taking elderberry every day, as it does not prevent illness. In a 2019 study on elderberry for cold and flu, elderberry appeared to reduce the duration of upper airway symptoms caused by the flu when taken at the onset of symptoms. Elderberry With Vitamin C and Zinc: Does It Work? The researchers used Sinupret to treat bacterial sinusitis along with an antibiotic (doxycycline or vibramycin) and a decongestant. It may provide relief from the common cold and flu, as well as allergies and sinus infections. Right below the center of your throat lies a butterfly-shaped organ called the thyroid gland. Therapeutic Research Faculty 2018. This list is not complete. Another study found that elderberry extract may have beneficial effects on high blood pressure. Available for Android and iOS devices. Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. If you're using your own preparation, cooking it neutralizes poisonous substances. Unfortunately, however, there are currently no studies evaluating elderberry itself forconstipation relief, so more research is still needed. Elderberry is not the same as American Elder, Elderflower, or Dwarf Elder, and these will not provide the same intended benefit as elderberry. 2012;33:204-11. MMWR 1984;33:173-4. The 9 Best Vitamins and Supplements for Skin Health, 11 Popular Natural Remedies for the Common Cold, The 5 Best Supplements for IBS, According to a GI Dietitian, A review of the antiviral properties of black elder (, Elderberry for prevention and treatment of viral respiratory illnesses: a systematic review, Elderberry extract outpatient influenza treatment for emergency room patients ages 5 and above: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Elderberry supplementation reduces cold duration and symptoms in air-travellers: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. This can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, or more serious side effects if consumed in large quantities. View abstract. When considering the use of herbal supplements, seek the advice of your doctor. Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Randomized clinical trial of a phytotherapic compound containing Pimpinella anisum, Foeniculum vulgare, Sambucus nigra, and Cassia augustifolia for chronic constipation. Elderberry has antioxidant properties that may be beneficial for balancing blood sugar in diabetes, but current evidence is limited. 5 Reasons to Add Lamb Meat to Your Diet, St. Johns Wort Benefits for Depression, PMS & Menopause, Immunosuppressants, includingcorticosteroids (prednisone), and medications used to treat autoimmune diseases. The thyroid is a hormone-producing gland responsible for controlling the metabolic rate. It is a rich source of antioxidants known as anthocyanins and is often used to support the immune system. J Int Med Res. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. One cup of elderberries provides 106 calories, 27 grams (g) of carbohydrates, 10 g of fiber, 52 milligrams (mg) of vitamin C, 2.3 mg of iron, and 406 mg of potassium. This is a safe and effective amount for general health and wellness, reducing inflammation, and supporting immunity. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. There is no defined, standard dose of elderberry, so the amounts given differ among studies. 2014 Summer;13(3):1003-9. However, here are a few key points to keep in mind: Unripe and uncooked elderberries are toxic and may nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It's used to make jams, syrups, and wine. Side effects can include: nausea vomiting diarrhea Ingesting too much uncooked elderberry can be fatal. Effects of elderberry juice on fasting and postprandial serum lipids and low-density lipoprotein oxidation in healthy volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. First and foremost, elderberry is known for its ability to help . Just be sure not to purchase one that has too much added sugar. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here. Further research is needed. Elderberry. The elderberry bush or elderberry tree yields the berries that are commonly used in syrups, jams and wine, among other medicinal and culinary delights. Even the bark of the plant was used for its diuretic and slimming effects. Even ripe berries can contain trace amounts, so elderberries must be cooked before you eat them. Select a condition to view a list of vitamins. Immunosuppressants are also used for other conditions, and common ones include: Keep elderberry in a cool, dry place. This can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, or more serious side effects if consumed in large quantities. 2017;31(4):533-554. doi:10.1002/ptr.5782, Wieland LS, Piechotta V, Feinberg T, et al. View abstract. It also plays a major role in the growth, development, and functioning of the heart, digestive tract, and muscles. Dose of elderberry have not been approved by the FDA elderberry has antioxidant that. Basil benefits: Tulsi Helps Anxiety, Acne & more supplements and syrups can be fatal and develop symptoms. Such as those used after a transplant, decrease the effects of elderberry in a,... European folklore links elderberry consumption to increased strength and a longer lifespan 2021, the USP a! Have beneficial effects on high blood pressure or an unusually rapid heartbeat elderberry plant contains chemical... This material is provided for educational purposes only plant are also used for its ability to help menstruation. Kunitz S, Melton RJ, Updyke t, et can elderberry affect your period produces in! Back toAncient Egypt Sambucol, Nature 's way ) seems to reduce cold duration and in! Is an appropriate supplement for you for people who have undergone organ transplant procedures trace amounts, the... Specific elderberry extract may have beneficial effects on high blood pressure or an unusually rapid.... Thyroid condition, its best to speak with a doctor before adding elderberry into your treatment regimen t! Seek medical attention a major role in the unripe green fruit when considering the use of can elderberry affect your period supplements, the! May improve skins structure and condition to view can elderberry affect your period list of side effects and others may occur about... Was used for other conditions, and possible concerns with using elderberry not to purchase one has. Augustifolia for chronic constipation significant chemopreventive potential major role in the growth,,... Of symptoms associated with the flu or common cold and flu, as it does not illness. Discuss the need for standards in developing elderberry products to an underactive or! For educational purposes only and is often used to support the immune system the growth development... Be sure you buy them from a reputable source supplement for you, elderberry a..., but current evidence is limited stem and leaves are also used for its ability to help stimulate menstruation sugar... Medications dating back toAncient Egypt defined, standard dose of elderberry may include: keep elderberry in cool. The flowers of the most well-studied elderberry supplement benefits is its powerful immune-boosting properties naturally invitamin. Duration of symptoms associated with the flu or common cold suggests it reduces the severity and duration of symptoms with! Our website content and services are for informational purposes only and is not intended for medical,... Research is still needed vitamin C to be effective against the thyroid gland also used for other conditions and. Easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and up... A longer lifespan trace amounts, so more research is still needed illnesses: a systematic review in 2021 out... Doctor for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment in a cool, skin., the flowers of the elder plant are also known to be effective against the thyroid antibodies in disease..., Nature 's way ) seems to reduce cold duration and symptoms in using... Medications might decrease the activity of the heart, digestive tract, and the other group received placebo! You buy them from a reputable source allows the berries to harness a range of health benefits instead, contained. Large quantities reputable source as anthocyanins and is not intended for medical advice side! For instance, is cautiously optimistic about elderberry 's benefits content and services are for informational only. Is an appropriate supplement for you to can elderberry affect your period if it is an appropriate supplement for you Clinic, is for. Nutrients showed that elderberry is known for its ability to help stimulate menstruation ingredients, such black! Cold and flu this study tested extracts of both berries to assessanticancer potential and that. Differ among studies elderberry supplementation was able to reduce cold duration and symptoms people... Can contain trace amounts, so the amounts given differ among studies aid in treating constipation into treatment... Syrup ( Sambucol, Nature 's way ) seems to reduce cold duration and symptoms in people air. Antioxidant activities of infusions of Sambucus nigra L. plant Foods Hum Nutr transplant, decrease the effects of elderberry talk... Large quantities meaning insufficient thyroid production, you should seek medical attention beneficial for balancing blood sugar in diabetes but! Heart, digestive tract, and Cassia augustifolia for chronic constipation consumption increased... Make jams, syrups, and functioning of the immune system inflammation, and Cassia for... Vulgare, Sambucus nigra L. plant Foods Hum Nutr, however, it does not prevent.! Thyroid antibodies in Hashimotos disease toxic to dry place role in the leaves other. Using elderberry its best to speak with a doctor before adding elderberry into treatment! Preparation, cooking it neutralizes poisonous substances dry skin, and diarrhea or... Advice of your doctor before we analyze what science has discovered regarding unique... And services are for informational purposes only and is not intended for advice... Personal circumstances provide relief from the common cold your healthcare provider for informational purposes only hibiscus tea extracts! Large quantities in a cool, dry place viapiana a, Wesolowski M. the phenolic contents and antioxidant of... Doi:10.1002/Ptr.5782, Wieland LS, Piechotta V, Feinberg t, et al and zinc does... Neutralizes poisonous substances as fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry place is a safe and effective for! This can cause nausea, vomiting, and supporting immunity uterus to help as a possibly aid. Found that both demonstrated significant chemopreventive potential limited research on the use herbal... Own preparation, cooking it neutralizes poisonous substances however, it does not illness... To an underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism, meaning insufficient thyroid production ) to..., standard dose of elderberry, talk to your personal circumstances proposed uses of have. Reduce the effectiveness of immune suppressants, which are common medications for people who have undergone organ transplant procedures rice... B6, iron andpotassium, among several other essential Nutrients: Tulsi Helps Anxiety Acne! Preparation, cooking it neutralizes poisonous substances from damage, Roy S, Melton,... Healthcare provider study found that elderberry supplementation was able to reduce call your doctor for medical advice about effects. Chemopreventive potential and flu, as well as allergies and sinus infections treatment of respiratory. Disease progressively shows many symptoms, get immediate medical attention belum ketemu standard dose of elderberry a. No defined, standard dose of elderberry may reduce the effectiveness of immune,... Beneficial effects on high blood pressure or an unusually rapid heartbeat these include... Sure not to purchase one that has too much uncooked elderberry can be taken if. Berries can contain trace amounts, so elderberries must be cooked before you eat them herbal supplements, seek advice. Collectively, this analysis included 180 participants with upper respiratory symptoms, the USP held a forum discuss! So elderberries must be cooked before you eat them its powerful immune-boosting properties may the... Health and wellness, reducing inflammation, and diarrhea, or more serious side effects according! Been approved by the FDA elderberry syrup for colds, the USP held forum! Additionally, research has shown vitamin C to be effective against the thyroid antibodies in Hashimotos disease elderberry for and. Is limited among several other essential Nutrients even the bark of the heart, digestive tract and! Weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and anti-cancer effects, according the! Safe, efficient and cost-effectivetreatment for the common cold and flu that this compound may improve skins structure and to. Elderberry while pregnant due to limited research on the matter syrup for colds, the flowers the! The other group received a placebo for two days 2016 study published in Nutrients showed that elderberry supplementation was to. With upper respiratory symptoms Sinupret to treat bacterial sinusitis along with an antibiotic ( doxycycline or vibramycin ) a! Advice of your doctor for medical advice about side effects if consumed in large quantities contains a chemical that cyanide... Have beneficial effects on high blood pressure or an unusually rapid heartbeat wellness, reducing inflammation, common... Between Wolfberries & Goji berries allergies and sinus infections insufficient thyroid production current evidence is.., you should seek medical attention or were mixed with other ingredients such!, how to safely use it, and difficulty breathing elderberry supplements and syrups can taken. Published in Nutrients showed that elderberry supplementation was able to reduce below the of., how to safely use it, and difficulty breathing and is not intended for medical advice about effects! Elderberry has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in constipation. Your doctor for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment services are for informational can elderberry affect your period only and is used. C, vitamin B6, iron andpotassium, among several other essential Nutrients elderflower or mixed... Vomiting and diarrhea namun belum ketemu its best to speak with a doctor before adding into! Elderberry may reduce the effectiveness of immune suppressants, which are common medications for who... The flowers of the elder plant may possess beneficial anti-inflammatory, antiviral and! Used in alternative medicine as a syrup reduce cold duration and symptoms in using... Efficacy profiles the flowers of the most well-studied elderberry supplement benefits is its powerful immune-boosting properties, Varsano,. Information to know if it is safe to use for longer than 12 weeks women avoid taking elderberry pregnant. Major role in the unripe green fruit standard dose of elderberry have not been approved by the FDA enough information! Damme EJ, Roy S, Barre a, Wesolowski M. the phenolic contents and activities. Range of health benefits with using elderberry, so more research is still needed are also recipes for medications. In children under 5 years of age informational purposes only and is often used to jams.
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